Liverpool is a city and metropolitan along the eastern side of the Mersey Estuary. It was founded as a borough in 1207 and was granted city status in 1880.
Historically the urbanisation and expansion of Liverpool were broadly brought about by the city's status as a major port and by the early 19th century, 40% of the world's trade passed through Liverpool's docks, contributing to Liverpool's rise as a major city.
In 2007 the city celebrated its 800th anniversary, and in 2008 it holds the European Capital of Culture title together with Stavanger, Norway.